Scholarly

The following articles were collected by Dr. Maria Wamsley the co-director for the PISCES Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship at UCSF and Director for the UCSF Program for Interprofessional Practice and Education. Updated 02/11/22

Recent Scholarly Works related to LICs

Instilling Resiliency in Surgical Education: The Benefits of Longitudinal Medical Student Learning. Abel MK, Collins C, Lancaster EM, Poncelet A, Lin MYC, Bongiovanni T, Wick EC. J Surg Res. 2021 Nov;267:512-515. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.05.021. Epub 2021 Jul 10. PMID: 34256193.

The longitudinal integrated clerkship: A student insight. Arowoshola L, Shah S, Jones M. Clin Teach. 2021 Dec;18(6):679-681. doi: 10.1111/tct.13429. Epub 2021 Oct 15. PMID: 34655157.

Comparison of educational environments in different sized rural hospitals during a longitudinal integrated clerkship in Thailand. Boonluksiri P, Thongmak T, Warachit B. Rural Remote Health. 2021 Oct;21(4):6883. doi: 10.22605/RRH6883. Epub 2021 Oct 15. PMID: 34653341.

Impact of the Rural Physician Associate Program on Workforce Outcomes. Butler L, Rosenberg ME, Miller-Chang YM, Gauer JL, Melcher E, Olson. APJ, Clark K. Fam Med. 2021 Nov;53(10):864-870. doi: 10.22454/FamMed.2021.563022. PMID: 34780653.

Longitudinal integrated clerkships: Reframing assessment conventions. Couper I, Coetzee F, van Schalkwyk S. Med Educ. 2021 May;55(5):636. doi: 10.1111/medu.14485. Epub 2021 Mar 3. PMID: 33660323.

Educational outcomes of the first longitudinal integrated clerkship program in Israel. Eshel R, Hershkovitz R, Katz A, Orkin J, Amar S. Int J Med Educ. 2021 Aug 26;12:152-153. doi: 10.5116/ijme.60f5.ef72. PMID: 34449438; PMCID: PMC8411348.

Coproducing clinical curricula in undergraduate medical education: Student and faculty experiences in longitudinal integrated clerkships. Gheihman G, Callahan DG, Onyango J, Gooding HC, Hirsh DA. Med Teach. 2021 Nov;43(11):1267-1277. doi: 10.1080/0142159X.2021.1935825. Epub 2021 Jun 15. PMID: 34129424.

Career destinations of graduates from a medical school with an 18-week longitudinal integrated clerkship in general practice: a survey of alumni 6 to 8 years after graduation. Glynn LG, Regan AO, Casey M, Hayes P, O’Callaghan M, O’Dwyer P, Culhane A, Cuddihy J, Connell BO, Stack G, O’Flynn G, O’Donnell P, O’Connor R, McKeague H, Grath DM.. Ir J Med Sci. 2021 Feb;190(1):185-191. doi: 10.1007/s11845-020-02260-0. Epub 2020 May 27. PMID: 32462491; PMCID: PMC7846533.

Medical students’ experiences of a longitudinal integrated clerkship: a threshold concepts analysis. Gupta S, Howden S. Educ Prim Care. 2021 Nov;32(6):336-343. doi: 10.1080/14739879.2021.1939796. Epub 2021 Aug 20. PMID: 34415822.

Context and mechanisms of interprofessional learning during a Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship. Gupta S, Howden S. J Interprof Care. 2021 May 25:1-6. doi: 10.1080/13561820.2021.1904850. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34030551.

The impact of longitudinal integrated clerkships on patient care: a qualitative systematic review. John J, Brown ME. Educ Prim Care. 2021 Oct 26:1-11. doi: 10.1080/14739879.2021.1980438. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34702143.

Longitudinal GP placements – inspiring tomorrow’s doctors? Mackie E, Alberti H. Educ Prim Care. 2021 May;32(3):149-156. doi: 10.1080/14739879.2020.1846142. Epub 2020 Nov 23. PMID: 33228461.

Impact of Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships on Student Outcomes. McCaughan RP, Evans EV. Acad Med. 2021 Feb 1;96(2):167. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000003823. PMID: 33492830.

Disrupting the consultation: students empowering patients in a longitudinal clerkship. McElhinney Z, Bartlett M. Educ Prim Care. 2021 Nov;32(6):344-350. doi: 10.1080/14739879.2021.1939169. Epub 2021 Jul 7. PMID: 34233140.

Development and sustainment of professional relationships within longitudinal integrated clerkships in general practice (LICs): a narrative review. O’Doherty J, Hyde S, O’Connor R, Brown MEL, Hayes P, Niranjan V, Culhane A, O’Dwyer P, O’Donnell P, Glynn L, O’Regan A. Ir J Med Sci. 2022 Feb;191(1):447-459. doi: 10.1007/s11845-021-02525-2. Epub 2021 Feb 27. PMID: 33641086.

Symbiotic relationships through longitudinal integrated clerkships in general practice. O’Regan A, O’Doherty J, Green J, Hyde S. BMC Med Educ. 2022 Jan 26;22(1):64. doi: 10.1186/s12909-022-03119-x. PMID: 35081951.

A return-on-investment analysis of impacts on James Cook University medical students and rural workforce resulting from participation in extended rural placements. Woolley T, Sen Gupta T, Stewart RA, Hollins A. Rural Remote Health. 2021 Oct;21(4):6597. doi: 10.22605/RRH6597. Epub 2021 Oct 19. PMID: 34665967.

A is for advocacy: How introducing student advocacy assessment impacts longitudinal integrated clerkship students and clinical supervisors. Ziv T, Wamsley M, Lai CJ, Griffiths EP, Maxey A, Kryzhanovskaya IE, Teherani A. Med Teach. 2021 Aug 25:1-9. doi: 10.1080/0142159X.2021.1967903. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34433360.

Han KJ. Longitudinal integrated clerkships: to educate what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in the classroom. Korean J Med Educ. 2019 Sep;31(3):277-279. doi: 10.3946/kjme.2019.138. Epub 2019 Aug 26. No abstract available. PubMed [citation] PMID: 31455057, PMCID: PMC6715900

Mylopoulos M, Kulasegaram KM, Weyman K, Bernstein S, Martimianakis MAT. Same but Different: Exploring Mechanisms of Learning in a Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship. Acad Med. 2019 Aug 20. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000002960. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed [citation] PMID: 31436627

Dubé T, Schinke R, Strasser R. It takes a community to train a future physician: social support experienced by medical students during a community-engaged longitudinal integrated clerkship. Can Med Educ J. 2019 Jul 24;10(3):e5-e16. eCollection 2019 Jul. PubMed [citation] PMID: 31388372, PMCID: PMC6681930

Flick RJ, Felder-Heim C, Gong J, Corral J, Kalata K, Marin A, Adams JE. Alliance, Trust, and Loss: Experiences of Patients Cared for by Students in a Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship. Acad Med. 2019 Nov;94(11):1806-1813. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000002812. PubMed [citation] PMID: 31169536

Crampton PES. So, what are longitudinal community placements? Clin Teach. 2019 Apr;16(2):157-158. doi: 10.1111/tct.12793. Epub 2018 May 1. No abstract available. PubMed [citation] PMID: 29717534

Worley P. Relationships: a new way to analyse community-based medical education? (Part one). Educ Health (Abingdon). 2002;15(2):117-28. PubMed PMID: 14741960.

Worley P. Integrity: the key to quality in community-based medical education? (Part two).Educ Health (Abingdon). 2002;15(2):129-38. PubMed PMID: 14741961.

Irby DM. Educational continuity in clinical clerkships. N Engl J Med. 2007 Feb 22;356(8):856-7. PubMed PMID: 17314347.

Hirsh DA, Ogur B, Thibault GE, Cox M. “Continuity” as an organizing principle for clinical education reform. N Engl J Med. 2007 Feb 22;356(8):858-66. PubMed PMID: 17314348.

Hirsh D, Worley P. Better learning, better doctors, better community: how transforming clinical education can help repair society. Med Educ. 2013 Sep;47(9):942-9. doi: 10.1111/medu.12278. PubMed PMID: 23931543.

Walters L, Brooks K. Integration, continuity and longitudinality: the ‘what’ that makes patient-centred learning in clinical clerkships. Med Educ. 2016 Sep;50(9):889-91. doi: 10.1111/medu.13118. PubMed PMID: 27562886.

Harding A. ‘A rose by any other name; longitudinal (integrated) placements in the UK and Europe. Educ Prim Care. 2019 Sep;30(5):317-318. doi: 10.1080/14739879.2019.1666306. Epub 2019 Sep 24. PubMed [citation] PMID: 31551007

Molwantwa MC, van Schalkwyk S, Prozesky DR, Kebaetse MB, Mogodi MS. Enhancing learning in longitudinal clinical placements in community primary care clinics: undergraduate medical students’ voices. Educ Prim Care. 2019 Sep;30(5):301-308. doi: 10.1080/14739879.2019.1644540. Epub 2019 Jul 30. PubMed [citation] PMID: 31362601

Brown ME, Anderson K, Finn GM. A Narrative Literature Review Considering the Development and Implementation of Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships, Including a Practical Guide for Application. J Med Educ Curric Dev. 2019 May 27;6:2382120519849409. doi: 10.1177/2382120519849409. eCollection 2019 Jan-Dec. Review. PubMed [citation] PMID: 31206031, PMCID: PMC6537286

Bartlett M. Dowell J. Graham F, Knight K, Law S, Lockwood P, Muir F, Robson Watson E. Dundee’s Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship: drivers, implementation and early evaluation. Educ Prim Care. 2019 Mar;30(2):72-79. doi: 10.1080/14739879.2018.1564889. Epub 2019 Jan 17. PubMed [citation] PMID: 30652983

Mazotti L, Adams J, Peyser B, Chretien K, Duffy B, Hirsh DA. Diffusion of innovation and longitudinal integrated clerkships: Results of the clerkship directors in internal medicine annual survey. Med Teach. 2019 Mar;41(3):347-353. doi: 10.1080/0142159X.2018.1472369. Epub 2018 May 25. PubMed [citation] PMID: 29793380

Norris TE, Schaad DC, DeWitt D, Ogur B, Hunt DD; Consortium of Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships.. Longitudinal integrated clerkships for medical students: an innovation adopted by medical schools in Australia, Canada, South Africa, and the United States. Acad Med. 2009 Jul;84(7):902-7. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181a85776. PubMed PMID: 19550184.

Strasser R, Hirsh D. Longitudinal integrated clerkships: transforming medical education worldwide? Med Educ. 2011 May;45(5):436-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2011.03939.x. PubMed PMID: 21486319.

Poncelet A, Hirsh D, chapter editors. Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships. In: Morgenstern BZ, editor. Guidebook for Clerkship Directors 4^th ed. Alliance for Clinical Education. North Syracuse: Gegensatz; 2012. p. 173-224.

Poncelet A, Hirsh D, eds. Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships: Principles, outcomes, practical tools and future directions. Syracuse, NY: Gegensatz Press; 2016.

Worley P, Couper I, Strasser R, Graves L, Cummings BA, Woodman R, Stagg P, Hirsh D; Consortium of Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships (CLIC) Research Collaborative.. A typology of longitudinal integrated clerkships. Med Educ. 2016 Sep;50(9):922-32. doi: 10.1111/medu.13084. PubMed PMID: 27562892.

Ellaway RH, Graves L, Cummings BA. Dimensions of integration, continuity and longitudinality in clinical clerkships. Med Educ. 2016 Sep;50(9):912-21. doi: 10.1111/medu.13038. PubMed PMID: 27562891.

Hirsh DA, Walters L. Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships. In Dent JA, Harden RM, Hunt D, eds. A Practical Guide for Medical Teachers. 5th edition. Elsevier; 2017.

Verby JE. The Minnesota Rural Physician Associate Program for medical students. J Med Educ. 1988 Jun;63(6):427-37. PubMed PMID: 3373497.

Brazeau NK, Potts MJ, Hickner JM. The Upper Peninsula Program: a successful model for increasing primary care physicians in rural areas. Fam Med. 1990 Sep-Oct;22(5):350-5. PubMed PMID: 2227169.

Hansen LA, Talley RC. South Dakota’s third-year program of integrated clerkships in ambulatory-care settings. Acad Med. 1992 Dec;67(12):817-9. PubMed PMID: 1457013.

Anderson AS, Martell JV. Comparing sequential clerkships and a longitudinal clerkship for third-year medical students. Acad Med. 1994 May;69(5):418-9. PubMed PMID: 8086063.

Worley P, Silagy C, Prideaux D, Newble D, Jones A. The parallel rural community curriculum: an integrated clinical curriculum based in rural general practice. Med Educ. 2000 Jul;34(7):558-65. PubMed PMID: 10886639.

Oswald N, Alderson T, Jones S. Evaluating primary care as a base for medical education: the report of the Cambridge Community-based Clinical Course. Med Educ. 2001 Aug;35(8):782-8. PubMed PMID: 11489107.

Ogur B, Hirsh D, Krupat E, Bor D. The Harvard Medical School-Cambridge integrated clerkship: an innovative model of clinical education. Acad Med. 2007 Apr;82(4):397-404. Review. PubMed PMID: 17414198.

Tesson G, Hudson G, Strasser R, Hunt D, eds. The Making of the Northern Ontario School of Medicine: A Case Study in the History of Medical Education. Montreal, Quebec, Canada: McGill-Queens University Press; 2009.

Poncelet A, Bokser S, Calton B, Hauer KE, Kirsch H, Jones T, Lai CJ, Mazotti L, Shore W, Teherani A, Tong L, Wamsley M, Robertson P. Development of a longitudinal integrated clerkship at an academic medical center. Med Educ Online. 2011 Apr 4;16. doi: 10.3402/meo.v16i0.5939. PubMed PMID: 21475642; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3071870.

Chen P. Reinventing the Third-Year Medical Student. New York Times 2012  http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/04/19/reinventing-the-third-year-medical-student/?_r=0

Arabella L. Simpkin, Andrew M. McKeown, Ravi Parekh, Sonia Kumar & Gareth Tudor-Williams (2017) A novel Integrated Clinical Apprenticeship: transforming medical students into student doctors, Education for Primary Care, 28:5, 288-290, DOI: 10.1080/14739879.2017.1319745

The do’s, don’ts and don’t knows of establishing a sustainable longitudinal integrated clerkship. Bartlett M, Couper I, Poncelet A, Worley P. Perspect Med Educ. 2020 Feb;9(1):5-19. doi: 10.1007/s40037-019-00558-z. PMID: 31953655 Free PMC article.

McCaughan RP, Evans EV. Impact of Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships on Student Outcomes.  Acad Med. 2021 Feb 1;96(2):167. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000003823. PMID: 33492830 No abstract available.

O’Leary N, Cantillon P. Longitudinal integrated clerkships are ok, but do they prepare students for reality?  Med Educ. 2021 Jan 11. doi: 10.1111/medu.14454. Online ahead of print. PMID: 33432625 No abstract available.

Baker NJ, Cutler M, Sopdie E. Perceived Influence of Medical Students’ Community Health Assessment Projects.  Fam Med. 2020 Sep;52(8):586-591. doi: 10.22454/FamMed.2020.381413. PMID: 32931008

Kim JW, Ryu H, Park JB, Moon SH, Myung SJ, Park WB, Yim JJ, Yoon HB. Establishing a Patient-centered Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship: Early Results from a Single Institution.  J Korean Med Sci. 2020 Dec 28;35(50):e419. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e419. PMID: 33372421

Gupta S, Howden S. Medical students’ perceptions of ‘community’ in a longitudinal integrated clerkship.  Educ Prim Care. 2020 Dec 20:1-9. doi: 10.1080/14739879.2020.1850211. Online ahead of print. PMID: 33342354 No abstract available.

Krehnbrink M, Patel K, Byerley J, Tarantino H, Peyser B, Payne L, Foley K, Latessa R. Physician Preceptor Satisfaction and Productivity Across Curricula: A  Comparison Between Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships And Traditional Block Rotations. Teach Learn Med. 2019 Nov 24:1-8. doi: 10.1080/10401334.2019.1687304. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed [citation] PMID: 31762321

Beattie J, Binder M, Ramsbottom V, Fuller L. The role of vertically integrated learning in a rural longitudinal integrated clerkship. BMC Med Educ. 2019 Sep 3;19(1):328. doi: 10.1186/s12909-019-1767-8. PubMed [citation] PMID: 31481036, PMCID: PMC6724250

Evans DB, Henschen BL, Poncelet AN, Wilkerson L, Ogur B. Continuity in Undergraduate Medical Education: Mission Not Accomplished. J Gen Intern Med. 2019 Oct;34(10):2254-2259. doi: 10.1007/s11606-019-04949-0. PubMed [citation] PMID: 31346908, PMCID: PMC6816620

Professional identity formation within Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships: a scoping review protocol. Brown ME, Whybrow P, Kirwan G, Finn GM. Syst Rev. 2020 Jul 24;9(1):166. doi: 10.1186/s13643-020-01422-6. PMID: 32709252 Free PMC article.

Lam R, Stickrath C. It Takes a Village: Utilizing a Community-based Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship Model at a Regional Medical Campus to Provide the Core Emergency Medicine Clerkship Experience.  AEM Educ Train. 2020 Mar 25;5(1):5-11. doi: 10.1002/aet2.10442. eCollection 2021 Jan. PMID: 33521485

Davidson A, Shore E, Shirreff L, Shah A, Shah R. Validating an Obstetrics and Gynaecology Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship Curriculum at the University of Toronto: A Four-Year Review.  J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2020 Jul 13:S1701-2163(20)30539-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jogc.2020.06.020. Online ahead of print. PMID: 32962967

Brown MEL, Crampton PES, Anderson K, Finn GM. Not all who wander are lost: evaluation of the Hull York medical school longitudinal integrated clerkship.  Educ Prim Care. 2020 Sep 8:1-9. doi: 10.1080/14739879.2020.1816859. Online ahead of print. PMID: 32898461

Pradhan A, Bliss S, Buery-Joyner S, Craig L, Everett E, Forstein D, Graziano S, Hopkins L, McKenzie M, Morgan H, Page-Ramsey S, Hampton S. To the Point: Integrating the Obstetrics and Gynecology Core Clerkship into a Longitudinal Integrated Curriculum in US Medical Schools.  Med Sci Educ. 2020 Oct 14:1-6. doi: 10.1007/s40670-020-01093-x. Online ahead of print. PMID: 33078082

Henschen BL, Liss DT, Golden BP, Cameron KA, Bierman JA, Ryan ER, Gard LA, Neilson EG, Wayne DB, Evans DB. Continuity with Patients, Preceptors, and Peers Improves Primary Care Training: A Randomized Medical Education Trial. Acad Med. 2019 Oct 15. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000003045. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed [citation] PMID: 31626000

Beard AS, Candy AE, Anderson TJ, Derrico NP, Ishani KA, Gravely AA, Englander R, Ercan-Fang NG. Patient Satisfaction With Medical Student Participation in a Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship: A Controlled Trial. Acad Med. 2019 Oct 1. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000003021. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed [citation] PMID: 31577581

Foster JH, Byerley J, Tarantino H, Chuang A, Pino J, Latessa R, Nagappan S, Monroe R, Gilliland K, Steiner B, Beck Dallaghan GL. Cracking the Nut on LCME Standard 8.7: Innovations to Ensure Comparability Across Geographically Distributed Campuses. Teach Learn Med. 2019 Oct-Dec;31(5):544-551. doi: 10.1080/10401334.2019.1609966. Epub 2019 Jun 18. PubMed [citation] PMID: 31210532

Johnson EM, Howard C. A library mobile device deployment to enhance the medical student experience in a rural longitudinal integrated clerkship. J Med Libr Assoc. 2019 Jan;107(1):30-42. doi: 10.5195/jmla.2019.442. Epub 2019 Jan 1. PubMed [citation] PMID: 30598646, PMCID: PMC6300226

Worley P, Esterman A, Prideaux D. Cohort study of examination performance of undergraduate medical students learning in community settings. BMJ. 2004 Jan 24;328(7433):207-9. PubMed PMID: 14739189; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC318489.

Worley P, Strasser R, Prideaux D. Can medical students learn specialist disciplines based in rural practice: lessons from students’ self reported experience and competence.Rural Remote Health. 2004 Oct-Dec;4(4):338. Epub 2004 Nov 23. PubMed PMID: 15887993.

Schauer RW, Schieve D. Performance of medical students in a nontraditional rural clinical program, 1998-99 through 2003-04. Acad Med. 2006 Jul;81(7):603-7. PubMed PMID: 16799280.

Worley P, Prideaux D, Strasser R, Magarey A, March R. Empirical evidence for symbiotic medical education: a comparative analysis of community and tertiary-based programmes. Med Educ. 2006 Feb;40(2):109-16. PubMed PMID: 16451237.

Zink T, Power DV, Finstad D, Brooks KD. Is there equivalency between students in a longitudinal, rural clerkship and a traditional urban-based program? Fam Med. 2010 Nov-Dec;42(10):702-6. PubMed PMID: 21061201.

Zink T, Power DV, Olson K, Harris IB, Brooks KD. Qualitative differences between traditional and rural-longitudinal medical student OSCE performance. Fam Med. 2010 Nov-Dec;42(10):707-11. PubMed PMID: 21061202.

Brooks KD, Acton RD, Hemesath K, Schmitz CC. Surgical skills acquisition: performance of students trained in a rural longitudinal integrated clerkship and those from a traditional block clerkship on a standardized examination using simulated patients. J Surg Educ. 2014 Mar-Apr;71(2):246-53. doi: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2013.08.008. Epub 2013 Oct 1. PubMed PMID: 24602717.

Myhre DL, Bajaj S, Woloschuk W. Practice locations of longitudinal integrated clerkship graduates: a matched-cohort study. Can J Rural Med. 2016 Winter;21(1):13-6. PubMed PMID: 26824805.

Mahoney S, Worley P, Parry H, Clarke S. Urban general practice and medical education: Academic outcomes from a unique urban, longitudinal integrated community-based program. Aust Fam Physician. 2016 Oct;45(10):754-757. PubMed PMID: 27695727.

Myhre DL, Woloschuk W, Jackson W, McLaughlin K. Academic performance of longitudinal integrated clerkship versus rotation-based clerkship students: a matched-cohort study. Acad Med. 2014 Feb;89(2):292-5. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000000110. PubMed PMID: 24362389.

Andy McKeown & Ravi Parekh (2017) Longitudinal integrated clerkships in the community, Education for Primary Care, 28:3, 185-187, DOI: 10.1080/14739879.2017.1298976

The hidden curriculum and its marginalisation of Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships. Brown MEL, Hafferty FW, Finn GM.Educ Prim Care. 2020 Jun 17:1-4. doi: 10.1080/14739879.2020.1774808. Online ahead of print. PMID: 32552380 

Medical Students Can Learn Surgery Effectively in a Rural Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship. Stupart D, Beattie J, Lawson M, Watters D, Fuller L. J Surg Educ. 2020 May 22:S1931-7204(20)30122-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.04.007. Online ahead of print. PMID: 32451311

Brown ME, Whybrow P, Kirwan G, Finn GM. Professional Identity Formation within Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships: A Scoping Review.  Med Educ. 2021 Feb 2. doi: 10.1111/medu.14461. Online ahead of print. PMID: 33529395

McKeown A, Mollaney J, Ahuja N, Parekh R, Kumar S. UK longitudinal integrated clerkships: where are we now? Educ Prim Care. 2019 Sep;30(5):270-274. doi: 10.1080/14739879.2019.1653228. Epub 2019 Aug 21. PubMed [citation] PMID: 31432768

Skube SJ, Thorndal N, Boulger JG, Clark K, Coverdill JE, Termuhlen PM, Chipman JG, Acton RD. Outcomes and influences of rural-focused integrated clerkshipprograms in general surgery. Am J Surg. 2019 Dec 25. pii: S0002-9610(19)31581-8. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2019.11.040. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed [citation] PMID: 31898943

Brazeau NK, Potts MJ, Hickner JM. The Upper Peninsula Program: a successful model for increasing primary care physicians in rural areas. Fam Med. 1990 Sep-Oct;22(5):350-5. PubMed PMID: 2227169.

Verby JE, Newell JP, Andresen SA, Swentko WM. Changing the medical school curriculum to improve patient access to primary care. JAMA. 1991 Jul 3;266(1):110-3. PubMed PMID: 1904505.

Verby JE. The Minnesota Rural Physician Associate Program for medical students. J Med Educ. 1988 Jun;63(6):427-37. PubMed PMID: 3373497.

Verby JE, Schaefer MT, Voeks RS. Learning forestry out of the lumberyard. A training alternative for primary care. JAMA. 1981 Aug 7;246(6):645-7. PubMed PMID: 7253116.

Verby JE. The Minnesota Rural Physician Redistribution Plan, 1971 to 1976. JAMA. 1977 Aug 29;238(9):960-4. PubMed PMID: 577990.

Verby JE, Connolly JP. Rural physician’s associate program. J Med Educ. 1972 Nov;47(11):907-8. PubMed PMID: 5087148.

Garrard J, Verby JE. Comparisons of medical student experiences in rural and university settings. J Med Educ. 1977 Oct;52(10):802-10. PubMed PMID: 903945.

Eley DS, Brooks KD, Zink T, Cloninger CR. Toward a global understanding of students who participate in rural primary care longitudinal integrated clerkships: considering personality across 2 continents. J Rural Health. 2014 Spring;30(2):164-74. doi: 10.1111/jrh.12039. Epub 2013 Jul 29. PubMed PMID: 24689541.

Zink T, Halaas GW, Brooks KD. Learning professionalism during the third year of medical school in a 9-month-clinical rotation in rural Minnesota. Med Teach. 2009 Nov;31(11):1001-6. doi: 10.3109/01421590802572759. PubMed PMID: 19909040.

Zink T, Halaas GW, Finstad D, Brooks KD. The rural physician associate program: the value of immersion learning for third-year medical students. J Rural Health. 2008 Fall;24(4):353-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-0361.2008.00181.x. PubMed PMID: 19007389.

Halaas GW, Zink T, Brooks KD, Miller J. Clinical skills day: preparing third year medical students for their rural rotation. Rural Remote Health. 2007 Oct-Dec;7(4):788. Epub 2007 Oct 3. PubMed PMID: 17922608.

Heddle W, Roberton G, Mahoney S, Walters L, Strasser S, Worley P. Challenges in transformation of the “traditional block rotation” medical student clinical education into a longitudinal integrated clerkship model. Educ Health (Abingdon). 2014 May-Aug;27(2):138-42. doi: 10.4103/1357-6283.143744. PubMed PMID: 25420974.

Van Schalkwyk SC, Bezuidenhout J, Conradie HH, Fish T, Kok NJ, Van Heerden BH, de Villiers MR. ‘Going rural’: driving change through a rural medical education innovation.Rural Remote Health. 2014;14:2493. Epub 2014 May 6. PubMed PMID: 24803108.

Mihalynuk T, Bates J, Page G, Fraser J. Student learning experiences in a longitudinal clerkship programme. Med Educ. 2008 Jul;42(7):729-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03040.x. PubMed PMID: 18588652.

Farry P, Adams J, Walters L, Worley P, Dovey S. Development of the Rural Immersion Programme for 5th-year medical students at the University Of Otago. N Z Med J. 2010 Sep 24;123(1323):16-23. PubMed PMID: 20930906.

Worley P, Martin A, Prideaux D, Woodman R, Worley E, Lowe M. Vocational career paths of graduate entry medical students at Flinders University: a comparison of rural, remote and tertiary tracks. Med J Aust. 2008 Feb 4;188(3):177-8. PubMed PMID: 18241180.

Stagg P, Greenhill J, Worley PS. A new model to understand the career choice and practice location decisions of medical graduates. Rural Remote Health. 2009 Oct-Dec;9(4):1245. Epub 2009 Nov 28. PubMed PMID: 19943714.

Playford DE, Evans SF, Atkinson DN, Auret KA, Riley GJ. Impact of the Rural Clinical School of Western Australia on work location of medical graduates. Med J Aust. 2014 Feb 3;200(2):104-7. PubMed PMID: 24484114.

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